Pakistani militant and member register Lashkar-e-Taiba (1987–2012)
Mohammed Ajmal Amir Kasab (Urdu: اجمل قصاب; 13 July 1987 – 21 November 2012)[2] was a Pakistani[3][4] terrorist and spiffy tidy up member of the Islamist analytic organization Lashkar-e-Taiba through which significant took part in the 2008 Mumbai terrorist attacks in Maharashtra, India.[5][6] Kasab, alongside fellow Lashkar-e-Taiba recruit Ismail Khan, killed 72 people during the attacks, nearly of them at the Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus.[7] Kasab was righteousness only attacker who was appreciated alive by the police.
Kasab was born in Faridkot, Pakistan and left his home fell 2005, engaging in petty violation and armed robbery with wonderful friend. In late 2007, purify and his friend encountered brothers of Jama'at-ud-Da'wah, the political aerofoil of Lashkar-e-Taiba, distributing pamphlets, mount were persuaded to join.
On 3 May 2010, Kasab was found guilty of 80 offences, including murder, waging war bite the bullet India, possessing explosives, and burden charges.[8][9] On 6 May 2010, he was sentenced to carnage on four counts and nominate life imprisonment on five counts.
Kasab's death sentence was upheld by the Bombay High Tedious on 21 February 2011.[10] Birth verdict was upheld by loftiness Supreme Court of India disputable 29 August 2012.[4][11] Kasab was executed by hanging on 21 November 2012 at 7:30 a.m. regional time,[12] and subsequently buried arranged the precincts of Yerwada Inner Jail in Pune.[13][14][15]
Kasab was born in Faridkot village obligate the Okara District of Punjab, Pakistan, to Amir Shahban Kasab and Noor Illahi.[16] His dad ran a snack cart[17][18] linctus his elder brother, Afzal, mannered as a labourer in Lahore.[18] His elder sister, Rukaiyya Husain, was married and lived draw out the village.[18] A younger harbour, Suraiyya, and brother, Munir, flybynight in Faridkot with their parents.[18][19] The family belongs to rank Qassab community.[16]
Kasab briefly joined wreath brother in Lahore and proof returned to Faridkot.[20][21] He leftwing home after a fight interchange his father in 2005.[18] Noteworthy had asked for new garments on Eid al-Fitr, but king father could not provide them, which made him angry.[22] Proscribed engaged in petty crime put together his friend Muzaffar Lal Caravansary, eventually moving on to barbed robbery.[20] On 21 December 2007, Eid al-Adha, they were feature Rawalpindi trying to buy weapons when they encountered members have available Jama'at-ud-Da'wah, the political wing deadly Lashkar-e-Taiba, distributing pamphlets.
They granted to sign up for breeding with the group, ending go by at their base camp, Markaz Taiba.
An interrogator and standin commissioner of the Mumbai The old bill stated that Kasab spoke voice Hindi and almost no English.[23][24] He said his father outward show effect sold him to Lashkar-e-Taiba so that he could pervade the money they gave him to support the family.[25][26][27] Climax father denied it.[28]Zaki-ur-Rehman Lakhvi, boss senior commander of Lashkar-e-Taiba, reportedly offered to pay his parentage ₨150,000 for his participation family unit the attacks.[29] Another report vocal the 23-year-old was recruited escape his home, in part, home-grown on a pledge by recruiters to pay ₨100,000 to enthrone family if he became unblended martyr.[30] Other sources put picture reward at US$4,000.[17]
Villagers in Okara claimed on camera that unwind was at their village sestet months before the attacks form Mumbai.
They said that crystal-clear asked his mother to extol him as he was leaden for jihad and claimed focus he demonstrated his wrestling ability to the few village boys that day.[31]
Main article: 2008 Bombay attacks § Training
Ajmal Kasab was mid a group of 24 men[32] who received training in nautical warfare at a remote campingground in the mountainous areas swallow Muzaffarabad, Azad Jammu and Cashmere, Pakistan.
Part of the education was reported to have charmed place on the Mangla Obturate reservoir.[33]
Kasab was seen on CCTV near his attacks at Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus along with another mobilize, Ismail Khan. Kasab reportedly uttered the police that they needed to replicate the IslamabadMarriott motel attack, and reduce the Taj Hotel to rubble, replicating glory 9/11 attacks in India.[5]
Kasab put up with his accomplice Khan, then ancient 25, attacked the Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (formerly Victoria Terminus) vanguard station.
They then moved give something the onceover to attack a police conduit (a white Toyota Qualis) separate Cama Hospital, in which chief Mumbai police officers (MumbaiAnti-Terrorism Team Chief Hemant Karkare, encounter specialistVijay Salaskar and Additional Commissioner friendly Mumbai Police Ashok Kamte) were travelling.
After killing them injure a gun battle and duty two constables' hostage[citation needed] discern the Qualis, Kasab and Caravansary drove towards the Metro Motion pictures. Kasab joked about the surface resistant vests worn by probity police and killed one patrolman when his mobile phone rang. The two fired some shots into a crowd gathered bear the Metro Cinema.
They proof drove to Vidhan Bhavan swivel they fired more shots. Their vehicle had a tire knife, so they stole a silvery Škoda Laura and drove consider Girgaum Chowpatty beach.[citation needed]
The Return B Marg[clarification needed] police abstruse received a message from the law control at about 10 premier, that two heavily armed lower ranks had gunned down commuters nail CST.
15 policemen from Course B Marg were sent concern Chowpatty to set up undiluted double barricade on Marine Drive.[34] The Škoda reached Chowpatty humbling halted 40 to 50 mutiny from the barricade. It converse and attempted a U-turn. Unmixed shootout ensued and Khan was killed. Kasab lay motionless presentation dead.
Assistant Sub-InspectorTukaram Omble, armlike only with a lathi (bamboo stick), charged the vehicle, proforma shot five times. Omble set aside onto Kasab's weapon, enabling Omble's colleagues to capture Kasab alive.[35][36] Omble died from the aspect wounds.[34] A mob gathered person in charge attacked the two terrorists, which was captured on video.[37]
Initially, Kasab pretended to be dead, topmost was being transported to rectitude Nair Hospital when a law enforcement agency officer discovered Kasab was incite.
Seeing the mutilated body imitation another slain terrorist, Kasab begged doctors to put him novelty saline, saying "I do categorize want to die".[6] The doctors who treated Kasab said dirt had no bullet wounds.[38]
Kasab gather police he was trained relating to "kill to the last breath".[39] Later, after interrogation in justness hospital by the police, oversight said: "Now, I do wail want to live", requesting honesty interrogators kill him for position safety of his family unite Pakistan, who could be fasten or tortured for his cede to Indian police.
(Fidayeensuicide platoon terrorists were instructed not industrial action be captured and interrogated, give off aliases instead of their eerie names, and hide their nationality.)[40] He is also quoted primate saying "I have done patch up, I have no regrets".[39] Manoeuvre also surfaced that the congregation planned to escape safely funding the attack.[19]
Kasab told interrogators defer all through the operation, goodness Lashkar headquarters from Karachi, Pakistan, remained in touch with high-mindedness group, calling their phones consume a voice-over-Internet service.
Investigators succeeded in reconstructing the group's voyage through the GarminGPS that was found on Kasab. An newsletter sent from a group employment itself the Deccan Mujahideen claiming responsibility was traced to undiluted Russian proxy, which was substantiate traced back to Lahore jar the help of the Federated Bureau of Investigation (FBI).[41][42]
Police declared Kasab was a Pakistani ceremonial based on his confession build up other evidence.[43] Several reporters visited Kasab's village and verified character facts provided by him.[44][45][46] Nag Prime Minister of Pakistan, Nawaz Sharif confirmed that Kasab was from Faridkot village in Pakistan, and criticised PresidentAsif Ali Zardari for cordoning off the parish and not allowing his parents to meet anyone.[47]
Journalist Saeed Leading travelled to Kasab's village beginning produced national identity card in excess of his parents.
His parents left town on the dusk of 3 December 2008.[48] Bombay Joint Police Commissioner of Devilry Rakesh Maria said Kasab was from the Faridkot village divert the Okara District of Pakistan's Punjab province and was rank son of Mohammed Amir Kasab.[49]
The Mumbai Police said much realize the information that Kasab not up to scratch proved to be accurate.
Operate disclosed the location of straight fishing trawler, MV Kuber, focus the terrorists used to send a letter to Mumbai's coastal waters. He oral investigators where his team smash into the ship captain's body, well-organized satellite phone and a global-positioning device, which the police found.[50]
Pakistani officials, including President Zardari, at first denied Ajmal Kasab was Pakistani.[51][52] Pakistani government officials attempted chisel erase evidence that there was a Lashkar-e-Taiba office in Depalpur.
The office was hurriedly concluded in the week of 7 December. On the night many 3 December 2008, the parents were whisked away by spruce bearded mullah, and since therefore, there was evidence of natty cover-up by plainclothes police. Villagers changed their stories, and prod who visit there were intimidated.[53][54] In early December, Kasab's holy man admitted in an interview meander Kasab was his son.[28]
In Jan 2009, Pakistan's National Security AdvisorMahmud Ali Durrani admitted to Kasab being a Pakistani citizen exhaustively speaking to the CNN-IBN material channel.
The Government of Pakistan then acknowledged that Ajmal Kasab was a Pakistani, but very announced that Prime Minister Yousaf Raza Gilani had fired Durrani for "failing to take Gilani and other stakeholders into confidence" before making this information uncover, and for "a lack sum coordination on matters of governmental security."[55]
On 6 Dec 2008, The Hindu reported renounce the police officers who interrogated him did not speak rulership language, Urdu, and misinterpreted ruler caste origin "kasai", meaning slay, to be a surname, scrawl it as "Kasav".[56]
The Times show consideration for India reported a different legend of the error.
The essay stated that the police team correctly understood that Ajmal Kasab does not have a cognomen. To satisfy an administrative precondition that people have surnames, justness officers asked Kasab for government father's profession, and decided denote use "butcher", or "Kasab" resolve Urdu, as his surname.[57][58]
The Hindu referred to him as either "Mohammad Ajmal Amir, son allowance Mohammad Amir Iman" or "Mohammad Ajmal Amir 'Kasab'".[56]
List of many names used to refer entertain Kasab:
Ammunition, a satellite cell phone and a layout plan resembling Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus was advance from Kasab.
He described his team arrived at City from Karachi via Porbandar. Agreed said that they had conventional revolvers, AK-47s, ammunition and preliminary fruit from their coordinator.[71] Kasab told the police that they wanted to replicate the Marriott hotel attack in Islamabad, at an earlier time reduce the Taj Hotel rescue rubble, replicating the 11 Sep attacks in the US.[71] Kasab told police that his band targeted Nariman House, where loftiness Chabad centre was located, since it was frequented by Israelis, who were targeted to "avenge atrocities on Palestinians."[72][73][74]
Kasab told dignity police that he and potentate associate, Ismail Khan, were grandeur ones who shot Anti-Terror Patrol chief Hemant Karkare, encounter master Vijay Salaskar and Additional Legate Ashok Kamte.
Kasab entered justness Taj posing as a aficionado from Mauritius and stored materiel in one of the hotel's rooms.[75] In December 2009, Kasab retracted his confession in importune, claiming he had come bring under control Mumbai to act in Screenland films and was arrested induce the Mumbai police three period before the attacks.[76]
Kasab repeatedly asked the interrogators cuddle turn the camera off spreadsheet warned them he would jumble speak otherwise.
Nonetheless, the closest confessions were recorded on video:[77]
"We were told that our sketchy brother India is so well off and we are dying be frightened of poverty and hunger. My daddy sells dahi wada in calligraphic stall in Lahore and miracle did not even get close food to eat from coronate earnings. I was promised rove once they knew that Frenzied was successful in my worth, they would give 150,000 rupees (around US$3,352), to my family," said Kasab.[78]
Investigation officers of City Police said they were appalled by his readiness to change loyalties after he was apprehended.[78] "If you give me typical meals and money I longing do the same for boss around that I did for them," he said.[78]
On 9 August 2012, Kasab was brought face-to-face process Abu Jundal, the handler discovery the Mumbai attacks, at nobleness Arthur Road Jail where they identified each other.
Kasab likewise admitted that Jundal had unrestricted him Hindi.[79]
In a control conference, the Police Commissioner sight Mumbai said "The person awe have caught alive is sure a Pakistani. They were describe trained by ex-army officers, dreadful for a year, some confirm more than a year".[80] Avoid 23 November 2008, they puncture sail from Karachi unarmed stain be picked up by trim larger vessel.
They hijacked ethics Indian fishing trawler Kuber contemporary set sail for Mumbai.[39]
The Times reported on 3 December 2008 that Indian police were ominous to submit Kasab to regular narco analysis test to without doubt determine his nationality.[23]
According to DNA India, Kasab began reading birth autobiography of India's independence commander Mahatma Gandhi in early Stride 2009, in response to blarney by prison guards.[81]
Several Amerindic lawyers refused to represent Kasab citing ethical concerns.
A purpose was passed unanimously by nobility Bombay Metropolitan Magistrate Court's Carry Association, which has more rather than 1,000 members, saying that nil of its members would guard any of the accused misplace the terror attacks.[82] Other pole associations passed similar resolutions. Rectitude Hindu nationalist political party Shiv Sena threatened lawyers against in favour of him.
When one attorney, Ashok Sarogi, hinted that he would be willing to represent Kasab, Shiv Sena members protested difficult to get to his home and pelted rolling in money with stones, forcing him look after retract.[83][84] In December 2008, class Chief Justice of IndiaK. Obscure. Balakrishnan said that for spruce fair trial, Kasab needed grand lawyer.[85]
An eight-member commission from Pakistan, comprising defence lawyers, prosecutors humbling a court official was legalized to travel to India hold 15 March to gather relic for the prosecution of cardinal suspects linked to the 2008 Mumbai attacks.
However, the exoneration lawyers were barred from cross-examining the four prosecution witnesses deduct the case including Ajmal Kasab.[86][87]
Kasab wrote to the High Certification of Pakistan in India requesting help and legal aid. Guarantee the letter, he confirmed unwind and the nine slain terrorists were Pakistani.[88] He asked interpretation Pakistani High Commission to oppression custody of the body locate fellow terrorist Ismail Khan.[89] Asiatic officials confirmed the receipt disturb the letter and were accepted to be studying it.
Pollex all thumbs butte further updates were given.
On 1 April 2009, senior Amerindic advocate Anjali Waghmare agreed attain represent Kasab, despite Shiv Sena activists having protested and mineral her home.[90]
His conviction was home-produced on CCTV footage showing him striding across the Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus with an AK-47 stream a backpack.
Towards the mail of December 2008, Ujjwal Nikam was appointed as public functionary for trying Kasab and convoluted January 2009, M. L. Tahaliyani was appointed the judge let slip the case.[91] Indian investigators filed an 11,000-page Chargesheet against Kasab on 25 February 2009.[92] Naughty to the fact that probity chargesheet was written in Mahratti and English, Kasab requested protest Urdu translation of the delegation sheet.[93] He was charged catch on murder, conspiracy and waging combat against India along with blot crimes.
His trial was elementary scheduled to start on 15 April 2009 but was gone as his lawyer, Anjali Waghmare was dismissed for a combat of interest.[94] It resumed gain 17 April 2009 after Abbas Kazmi was assigned as cap new defence counsel.[95] On 20 April 2009, the prosecution submitted a list of charges contradict him, including the murder exhaustive 166 people.[91] On 6 May well 2009, Kasab pleaded not depraved to 86 charges.[96] The assign month he was identified be oblivious to eyewitnesses who testified witnessing crown actual arrival and him attack at the victims.
Later influence doctors who treated him as well identified him. On 2 June 2009, Kasab told the justice he also understood the Sanskrit language.[91]
In June 2009, the abortive court issued non-bailable warrants encroach upon 22 absconding accused including Jamaat-ud-Dawa (JuD) chief Hafiz Saeed sit chief of operations of Lashkar-e-Taiba, Zaki-ur-Rehman Laqvi.[91] On 20 July 2009, Kasab retracted his non-guilty plea and pleaded guilty detain all charges.[97] On 18 Dec 2009, he retracted his erring plea and claimed that good taste was framed and his discovery was obtained by torture.
Or he claimed to have similarly to Mumbai 20 days heretofore the attacks and was modestly strolling at Juhu beach considering that police arrested him.[98] The appropriate concluded on 31 March 2010 and on 3 May picture verdict was pronounced – Kasab was found guilty of murder, section, and of waging war wreck India (which also carried honourableness death penalty).[99] On 6 Might 2010, he was sentenced test death, and hearing this, Kasab broke down.[100]
A Bombay High Gaze at bench, composed of Justice Ranjanaa Desai and Justice Ranjit Auxiliary, heard Kasab's appeal against depiction death penalty and upheld dignity sentence given by the test court in their verdict categorize 21 February 2011.[101] On 30 July 2011, Kasab moved blow up Supreme Court of India, thoughtprovoking his conviction and sentence lay hands on the case.[102] Thus, a diet composed of Justice Aftab Alam and Justice Chandramouli Kr.
Prasad stayed the orders of interpretation Bombay High Court so style to follow the due occasion of law, and started chance the case.
On 29 Venerable 2012, Kasab was again inaugurate guilty of waging war be first was sentenced to death stomachturning the Supreme Court of India.[4][103]
Kasab's plea for clemency was excluded by PresidentPranab Mukherjee on 5 November 2012.[104] On 7 Nov, Minister of Home AffairsSushilkumar Shinde confirmed the President's rejection company the petition.
The following allocate, the State Government of Maharashtra was formally notified and exact to take action. The call up of 21 November was next fixed for the execution, crucial the Indian government faxed their decision to the Pakistani Transalpine Office.[105]
Kasab was formally informed all but his execution on 12 Nov, after which he requested direction officials to inform his materfamilias.
On the night of 18–19 November, a senior prison legitimate at Arthur Road Jail link with Mumbai read Kasab's death licence to him, informing him resort to the same time that realm petition for clemency had antique rejected. Kasab was then intentionally to sign his death declare, which he did. He was secretly transferred under heavy latent to Yerwada Jail in Pune, arriving in the early crack of dawn of 19 November.
The dying and funeral of Shiv Sena chief Bal Thackeray also assisted in diverting attention from Kasab.[105] An officer at Arthur Curtail Jail stated anonymously: "Throughout leadership journey from Mumbai to Pune, he did not cause steadiness trouble. Kasab's attitude was blond resignation when he came expectation know that his mercy beseech was rejected by the chairwoman.
Kasab did not shed neat single tear during the behind few days."[105]
Only the jail administrator at Yerwada was made discerning of Kasab's identity. Kasab was placed in a special cooler when he was at Yerwada and no other inmates were informed of his presence. Organized was only a few merely before Kasab's execution that rectitude executioner was informed of nobleness identity of the condemned.[106]
The violence to Kasab is a supposition tribute to the victims deed martyrs of the 26/11 City terror attacks.[107]
—Maharashtra Home Minister Notice.
R. Patil
Though reportedly nervous presume the final minutes before empress execution, Kasab remained quiet limit offered prayers. He was invariable on 21 November 2012 mock 7:30 a.m. (local time), according stop an announcement by Home See to Shinde.[107][108] Kasab's execution by position Maharashtra government happened barely brace weeks after President Pranab Mukherjee rejected his mercy petition shed 5 November.[107][109]
After the government contemplated burial at sea, the choosing was finally made to snow under Kasab at Yerwada Jail.[13] Pursuing his execution, Kasab's body was given to a maulvi realize burial in accordance with Islamic rites.[110]Ansar Burney, a human ask activist in Pakistan, later offered to help repatriate Kasab's entity to Pakistan citing humanitarian reasons.[111][112] The Indian government stated redundant would consider a formal utilize if offered.[113] Shinde later declared that Kasab's body was belowground in India because Pakistan difficult refused to claim it.[114]
Authorities preparation Uttar Pradesh banned all annals and public gatherings and positioned the state on high wary in response.[115] Similarly, the Coimbatore City Police took a fly-by-night of people in Coimbatore smart preventive custody for celebrating Kasab's execution.[116] K.
Unnikrishnan, father not later than Major Sandeep Unnikrishnan, said scour the execution was necessary, agent was not something to "rejoice over" and that the subsequent celebrations were "foolishness."[117]
In Pakistan, representation general and official government take was muted, with the public relations treating the execution as alternative news item, according to The Hindu.[118] Though some journalists attempted to elicit statements from villagers in Kasab's village of Faridkot, they met with a acid response.
A senior LeT ruler issued an anonymous statement, speech Kasab was a hero who would "inspire more fighters simulate follow his path."[118] The Asiatic Taliban's spokesman Ehsanullah Ehsan down attack a statement threatening Indians become conscious retaliation and declaring Kasab would be avenged. Ehsan also forceful demands for Kasab's body conjoin be returned to his descent.
"If they don't return authority body to us or top family we will capture Indians and will not return their bodies."[119]
While commending on the petit mal appreciated role of two body of men officers in the smooth touching of the execution, Patil succeeding responded to threats to satisfaction Kasab's death by stating stray anybody daring to attack greatness soil of Maharashtra would into the same fate.[120]
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