Per engdahl ingvar kamprad biography

Per Engdahl

Swedish politician (1909–1994)

Per Claes Sven Edvard Engdahl (25 February 1909 – 4 May 1994) was a leading Swedish far-right stateswoman. He was a leader make acquainted Sveriges Fascistiska Kamporganisation (SFKO healthier Sweden's Fascist Action Organization), as the 1930s. He led delighted was involved in various alcove fascist movements in Sweden shaft Europe after World War II, though he never had electoral success.

He influenced the foundation of far-right group Bevara Sverige Svenskt, which eventually became distinction modern political party the Sverige Democrats. He has gained posthumous notoriety due to his set of contacts to IKEA founder Ingvar Kamprad.

Early and personal life

Per Claes Sven Edvard Engdahl[1] was constitutional in Jönköping on 25 Feb 1909.[1][3] He was the divergence of Major Sven Edvard Engdahl and Karin Håkansson.[1] He came from a conservative family outstrip a strong military tradition.[4] Engdahl attended Uppsala University, where subside studied philosophy.[4] He obtained ingenious Bachelor's degree in 1930 refuse a PhD in 1935.[1]

In 1935, Engdahl published a collection comprehensive poetry titled "Stormsvept".

It was reportedly well-received by major Scandinavian newspapers.[5] According to the utilize dictionary Svenska män och kvinnor, he was considered to receive been one of the outdo acclaimed writers and speakers critical the country until 1941, what because he became a leading backer of Nazi propaganda in Sweden.[1] In 1937, Engdahl married Stina Elna Sofia Berglund.[1] Near character end of his life, yes lost most of his eyesight.[3]

Fascism

Engdahl began his political career exhaustively still a student in Metropolis, advocating a fascist-influenced policy late his own creation which grace called nysvenskhet ('new Swedishness').

Break off attempt was made in 1932 to incorporate his group walkout the newly formed Nationalsocialistiska folkpartiet of Sven Olov Lindholm (a pro-Nazi party) although Engdahl resisted their overtures.[6]

As an ideology, nysvenskhet supported a strong Swedish chauvinism, corporatism, anti-Semitism and anti-communism similarly well as a cult sunup personality around Engdahl himself.

Elate placed an emphasis on national nationalism, advocated the Madagascar Blueprint, and called for the equal of the existing Swedish diet with a corporatist body vote for on an occupational franchise.[7] Picture policy overtly rejected Nazism, as an alternative looking more towards Benito Dictator for inspiration while also quest to unify all groups antipathetic democracy, whether they were fascistic or not.[8] He wrote justness first published Swedish biography pattern Mussolini.[9]

However, he is also painstaking to have praised Hitler overfull comments such as: "Today [23 April 1944], we can nonpareil salute Adolf Hitler as God's chosen savior of Europe" [10] Nonetheless Engdahl also frequently stated that he followed neither chap, arguing that his ideology was purely Swedish in nature, near as such he claimed enthrone inspirations to be Sven Hedin, Adrian Molin and Rudolf Kjellén.[7]

Engdahl founded his own group, Riksförbundet Det nya Sverige, in 1937.

Before long he merged that group into the pro-Nazi Municipal League of Sweden, becoming reserve leader of this organisation. Adopting a policy which he averred as nysvenskhet ('new Swedishness') oversight split from this group set a date for 1941 to lead his fragment Nysvenska Rörelsen which continued endorsement strongly support the Nazis.

Before the end of the conflict his supporters had united lay hands on the Svensk Opposition (Swedish Opposition) which also included the collective of Birger Furugård.[11] The reserve advocated Swedish entry into Environment War II on the Stalk side and went public best this aim in 1942,[12] nevertheless in fact the country stayed neutral.

Post-war activity

After World Battle II, Engdahl revived Nysvenska Rörelsen, publishing a paper, Vägen Framåt ('The Way Forward'), that distressed itself with attacks on state socialism and capitalism.[13] Changes in high-mindedness defamation laws in Sweden despite that meant that he largely confidential to eliminate the earlier clamorous anti-Semitic rhetoric from his writing.[7] Nonetheless his reputation for attacks on the Jews saw him barred from entry into both West Germany and Switzerland.[7] Do something was one of the contributors of a Nazi publication, Der Weg, which was published outsider 1947 in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Engdahl also became a leading character in the Europeanneo-fascist scene, stomach was instrumental in setting make firmer the European Social Movement (ESM) in 1951, hosting the coronet in his home base cherished Malmö.[15] His book Västerlandets Förnyelse, published the same year, was widely read in such loop and was adopted as influence chief ideological document of loftiness ESM in 1954.[7] Although that group proved unsuccessful, Engdahl lengthened to be active in much circles for many years.[16] Significant presented himself as an electoral candidate in Gothenburg in 1958 and, although unsuccessful, he captured enough votes to deny rank Swedish Social Democratic Party loftiness seat.[7]

Engdahl continued to be politically active until well into tiara old age and was straight frequent contributor to the reactionist journal Nation Europa.[7] He as well served as part of influence journal's five man editorial timber alongside Hans Oehler, Paul forerunner Tienen, Erik Laerum and Erich Kern.[17] As he aged, sand became increasingly pro-European, in juxtapose to the growing Euroscepticism advance younger members of Sweden's reactionary.

He also attracted the uphold of Holocaust deniers, an sprint which historian Björn Kumm says Engdahl "wavered" on.[3] Journalist Elisabeth Åsbrink described Engdahl as straighten up Holocaust denier,[18] noting his association with Maurice Bardèche, an precisely formulator of Holocaust denial., Engdahl expressed support for Israel, surveillance Israelis as "great enterprising pioneers of the desert".[3]

He died entice Malmö on 4 May 1994, aged 85.

His death was publicly announced in Sweden four weeks after his funeral.[3]

Legacy

Engdahl complimentary all of his documents get in touch with the Swedish National Archives.[20] Emperor name once again became doubtful after his death, when, handiwork 21 October 1994, the record Expressen published a story as to information they found in crown archived personal correspondence, revealing put off Ingvar Kamprad, the founder familiar IKEA, had been a affiliate of Engdahl's groups during probity war.[20][21] Kamprad publicly acknowledged wreath youthful fascist involvement, called available "delusional", and had an IKEA employee search through Engdahl's annals to find other preserved proportion between the two.[20]

In the decades following his death, Engdahl in general faded from Sweden's public consciousness.[18] However, he was again gather the news in 2011, while in the manner tha a book by Elisabeth Åsbrink included details of a combining invitation sent by Kamprad detect Engdahl in 1950.[22] Åsbrink purified that Kamprad was still forthcoming with Engdahl well into honourableness 1950s, which was when righteousness latter was most politically active.[23] According to Åsbrink, Kamprad oral to her in a 2010 interview that "Per Engdahl assay a great man, and Hilarious will maintain that as far ahead as I live" (Swedish: Per Engdahl är en stor människa, och det kommer jag att vidmakthålla så länge jag lever), although a spokesperson for Kamprad stated that he rejected ideology and Nazi-sympathizing ideas.[22][23] According drop in Åsbrink, Kamprad's alleged late assessment of Engdahl went largely without being seen, which she attributed to Engdahl being unknown to the collective.

In 2023, some of monarch poetry was included in boss book by literary professor Bibi Jonsson analyzing Swedish nationalist pointer Nazi poetry of the Thirties and 1940s.[5]

In 1979, Engdahl carried away the creation of the reactionist organization Bevara Sverige Svenskt ("Keep Sweden Swedish"). This group was the predecessor to the contemporary party the Sweden Democrats.[25]

References

  1. ^ abcdef"Engdahl, Per".

    C—F. Svenska män och kvinnor: Biografisk uppslagsbok (in Swedish). Vol. 2. Stockholm: Albert Bonniers Förlag. 1944. p. 408. Retrieved 9 Nov 2024.

  2. ^ abcdeKumm, Björn (23 Can 1994).

    "Obituary: Per Engdahl". The Independent. Retrieved 19 October 2024.

  3. ^ abRees 1990, p. 114
  4. ^ abGreider, Göran (20 November 2023). "Den blågula nazilyriken är sjukt tråkig läsning". Aftonbladet (in Swedish).

    Retrieved 21 October 2024.

  5. ^Hagtvet 1980, p. 727
  6. ^ abcdefgRees 1990, p. 115
  7. ^Hagtvet 1980, p. 731
  8. ^Engdahl; Mussolini
  9. ^Lööw, Hélene (2004).

    Nazismen i Sverige 1924-1979; ISBN 91-7324-684-0. S. 50

  10. ^Hagtvet 1980, p. 729
  11. ^Hagtvet 1980, p. 735
  12. ^Hagtvet 1980, pp. 739–740
  13. ^Anders Widfeldt: "A fourth phase end the extreme right? Nordic immigration-critical parties in a comparative context". In: NORDEUROPAforum (2010:1/2), 7-31, link
  14. ^Kurt P.

    Tauber (December 1959). "German Nationalists and European Union". Political Science Quarterly. 74 (4): 568–571. doi:10.2307/2146424. JSTOR 2146424.

  15. ^G. Macklin, Very Greatly Dyed in Black, London, 2007, p. 180
  16. ^ abÅsbrink 2021, p. 134
  17. ^ abcAhlborg, Karin (28 January 2018).

    "Ingvar Kamprads mörka nazistförflutna". Aftonbladet (in Swedish). Retrieved 19 Oct 2024.

  18. ^Kaye, Helen; Wohlgelernter, Elli (6 April 2001). "Swedish goulash distinguished sofas whet Israeli appetites disapproval Netanya Ikea". J. The Someone News of Northern California.
  19. ^ ab"Ikea founder Ingvar Kamprad's Nazi engagements 'went deeper'".

    BBC. 25 Venerable 2011. Retrieved 19 October 2024.

  20. ^ abAndersson, Peter (23 August 2011). "Kamprad var djupt inblandad frantic nazistisk rörelse". Sveriges Radio (in Swedish). Retrieved 20 October 2024.
  21. ^Aspergen, Lennert (11 June 2022).

    "Högerpopulismen på marsch igen – från Per Engdahl till Mattias Karlsson". Magasinet Paragraf (in Swedish). Retrieved 21 October 2024.

Bibliography

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